As part of its new strategy announced on Thursday, the European Central Bank will consider climate change in its setting of monetary policy, leading to questions on whether it should and how it will do so. And it’s a fair point that the ECB’s tools to fight climate change are limited. What the ECB’s new green mandate may mean, in practice, is not buying the corporate bonds of, say, French and Spanish oil companies when it engages in quantitative easing, which probably won’t move the dial on global climate very much.
A more interesting question is how central banks will react to the economic consequences of climate change. David Friedberg, the founder and chief executive of San Francisco investment firm the Production Board, laid out the investment implications of the worsening drought affecting North America in a tweetstorm. 2020 was the hottest year on record in California, fueling the largest number of acres burned, and temperatures in British Columbia reached Canadian records this year. California’s snowpack, on June 1, was 0% of the average. Zero.
Property, jobs and businesses are at risk, he wrote. “Food prices are inflating, water security is diminishing. Some/none of these risks may manifest, but there are enough nonzero-probability scenarios that aggregate risk of serious catastrophe seems significant,” he said. He speculated that there could be large-scale climate migration from western states to eastern or northern ones, but, even without that, years of growth for on-premise solar and gas generators and battery systems. With workers unable to go outside, construction costs in already housing-starved western states could increase. Another issue, he said, was that a third of housing is at the intersection of forestland, which is prone to fire.
The Fed is only just starting to discuss climate change, and more in the context of financial stability shocks than interest-rate policy. But it’s worth considering how the possibility of tighter labor and housing markets from climate change intersects with a demographic shift. In June, the African-American labor participation rate exceeded the white labor participation rate for the first time since 1972, which reflects the aging of the baby-boom generation. And China, long the source of global deflation, is decoupling from the West at rapid speed, and, even if its government weren’t pursuing that policy, its working-age population is projected to decline.
So the Fed could be in for some inflation-related headaches even if it’s right that current worker and production shortages linked to the pandemic may dissipate. Of course, the current market concern — at least this week — is deflationary, both over the new delta strain of coronavirus that is limiting the global economic rebound from reopening and about how economies will perform when fiscal and monetary policy tightens.
The buzz
More tightening of virus rules was announced across Asia and Europe, with Seoul’s pandemic alert status lifted to its highest level, a tightening of social-distancing rules in Sydney, and the Netherlands taking new steps, just a day after Japan effectively ruled out spectators at the upcoming 2020 Olympics. Pfizer
PFE,
and COVID-19 vaccine partner BioNTech
BNTX,
said late Thursday they are developing a booster shot targeting the delta variant.
Finance ministers from Group of 20 countries are meeting in Venice as they move toward a global minimum tax for corporations, which they’re aiming to finalize by October.
President Joe Biden is on Friday expected to sign an executive order aimed at reining in the power of big business, targeting agriculture, banking, tech, transportation and other sectors.
The People’s Bank of China cut reserve requirements for banks by half a percentage point in a move to bolster the world’s second largest economy.
Philip Morris International
PM,
said it’s buying Vectura Group
VEC,
a maker of inhaled therapeutics, for £1.05 billion ($1.5 billion) in what the cigarette maker said was part of a “natural evolution into a broader healthcare and wellness company.”
ARK Invest sold $54 million worth of streaming-device maker Roku
ROKU,
and $23 million of Chinese internet company Tencent
700,
according to the daily disclosures the active investment manager makes. The ETF manager made sales of similar sizes on Wednesday.
Jeans maker Levi Strauss & Co.
LEVI,
reported stronger-than-expected second-quarter results.
The markets
A resumption of normality after Thursday’s drop in stocks. U.S. indexes
SPX,
DJIA,
opened higher, though the Nasdaq Composite
COMP,
was barely positive, and the yield on the 10-year Treasury
TMUBMUSD10Y,
crept up to 1.34%.
The chart
Investors shouldn’t be surprised to see bond yields falling even with inflation well above normal. After all, in 2009, the opposite occurred, notes Dhaval Joshi, chief strategist of BCA Research’s Counterpoint. “So long as the coming monthly prints confirm an ongoing deceleration in inflation, the current rally in bonds will stay intact,” he says.
Random reads
The new spelling-bee champ also has Guinness records for dribbling, bouncing and juggling basketballs.
Scientists have figured out why sea otters are like Alaskan huskies.
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